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How to file a DHCR rent overcharge complaint

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If you rent a stabilized apartment in New York and believe your legal regulated rent has been exceeded, DHCR (the state agency) handles overcharge complaints. Here's how the process typically works.

Educational information about New York City rent rules — not legal advice. Rules change and every situation is different. For your case, consider consulting a licensed attorney or DHCR.

Step 1 — Request your rent history

Request your Apartment Rent Registration History from DHCR at rent.hcr.ny.gov. It's free and shows the registered rent for your unit for prior years.

Step 2 — Compare to what you actually paid

Compare each registered rent to what you were charged. Amounts that appear to exceed the registered rent — plus lawful increases — may indicate an overcharge worth investigating.

Step 3 — File Form RA-89

File the Tenant's Complaint of Rent and/or Other Specific Overcharges in Rent Stabilized Apartments (Form RA-89) with DHCR. Include your rent history and receipts.

  • Overcharge look-back is generally 6 years under current law (HSTPA 2019).
  • DHCR can order refunds and, if the overcharge is found willful, triple damages.
  • Consider consulting a tenant attorney before filing.

NYC Rent Guidelines Board rates (Order #58 and recent years)

These caps apply to rent-stabilized apartments only, based on the date your renewal lease begins. Market-rate units have no percentage cap.

Renewal starts1-year2-year
Oct 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2027 (#58)Current orderAdopted June 25, 2026. A 0% adjustment means the lawful rent charged and paid on Sep 30, 2026 generally carries into the renewal — a renewal notice asking for more than $0 extra appears to exceed Order #58 and is worth verifying.0%0%
Oct 1, 2025 – Sep 30, 2026 (#57)Adopted June 30, 2025. Applies over the lawful rent charged and paid on Sep 30, 2025.3%4.5%
Oct 1, 2024 – Sep 30, 2025 (#56)2.75%5.25%
Oct 1, 2023 – Sep 30, 2024 (#55)3%2.75% yr 1 / 3.20% yr 2

Rates change every June. Verify yours against the official order before relying on it: RGB orders and explanatory statements.

Worked example with real numbers

A $2,400 stabilized rent in Brooklyn, renewing under Order #58

  1. Start with the current legal regulated rent: $2,400 per month (the rent charged and paid on the date the order measures from).
  2. Confirm stabilization. Most pre-1974 NYC buildings with 6+ units are covered, as are many receiving 421-a or J-51 benefits. Requesting your NY HCR rent history is the reliable way to confirm it.
  3. Apply the Order #58 one-year rate (0%): $2,400 × 0.0000 = $0. The renewal rent lands near $2,400.
  4. For a two-year renewal (0%): about $0 more, so roughly $2,400.
  5. Compare last cycle: under Order #57 (Oct 1, 2025 – Sep 30, 2026) the same rent would have gone to about $2,472 on a one-year renewal. The date your renewal begins is what picks the rate.
  6. If the renewal notice says $2,750, that is a $350 jump — about 14.6%. On a stabilized unit that appears to exceed the order in force and is worth verifying against your rent history before paying the difference.
  7. If the unit is market-rate, there is no percentage ceiling, so the check shifts to notice: 14.6% is over 5%, so the §226-c tiers apply.

The same dollar amount can have two very different answers — which is why confirming stabilization status and your renewal start date matters more than the percentage itself.

The notice tiers that apply either way

Under RPL §226-c the written notice a landlord owes you before an increase above 5% depends on how long you have lived in the unit — not on a flat 30 days.

Less than 1 year in the unit
30 days
1 to less than 2 years
60 days
2 years or more
90 days

If the notice was short, the general effect described in §226-c is that the increase cannot take effect until the correct period has run — not that your tenancy ends. Worth raising in writing.

The statutes and orders behind this page

Frequently asked questions

How long does DHCR take to decide?

DHCR processing times vary and often run many months. Tenants sometimes pursue court action in parallel with the guidance of counsel.

Do I need a lawyer to file?

You do not need a lawyer, but many tenants consult one because willful-overcharge findings and treble damages involve technical arguments.

What if my building isn't registered?

Failure to register can itself be relevant. Request the rent history and speak with a tenant-rights organization or attorney about next steps.

More NYC rent guides

Or check your own increase for New York.

Free legal help in New York

Walk through three quick steps to find the right tenant-rights program for your situation.

What do you need help with?
When you call, ask about: a tenant intake appointment

Say: "I'm a tenant and need help understanding my rights and options."

Bring: your lease, recent rent receipts, and any letters or notices from your landlord.

State listings sourced from the federal Legal Services Corporation (LSC) grantee directory. Educational information, not legal advice or endorsement.